Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Uptake of Striga Weed Control Technologies in Kenya
Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science,
Page 51-59
DOI:
10.9734/ajrcs/2021/v6i430126
Abstract
Over the years, new technologies have been tested and introduced to control Striga in maize producing areas but adoption has remained low. The study done in 2013, determined the demographic and socioeconomic factors that influenced the adoption of Striga control technologies in Kisumu West, Bumula and Teso South sub counties of Western Kenya. Through Multi stage sampling technique, 40 households were selected per sub county for questionnaire administration; to gather information on demographic profiles of the sample population, type of fertilizer and seed variety used, income of the household, source of credit facilities and challenges faced in weed control. Chi square test at P<0.05 and logistic regression analysis, using R software was used to determine the relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors and uptake of Striga control technologies. Farmers cited high cost, poor availability of improved varieties and lack of adequate knowledge as reasons for non-adoption of the Striga control strategies. Farmer’s age, education, land size and hiring of labour were found to significantly influence the adoption of the Striga control technologies. The low levels of adoption of modern technology indicate that they were not meeting farmers’ expectations, thus, researchers should put into consideration farmers’ education, age, land size and ability to high labour in their planning for an informed technology adoption. In addition, alternative options should be extended to farmers who are not able to use expensive technologies.
Keywords:
- Social-economic factors
- striga control technology
- technology adoption
How to Cite
Nambafu, G. N., & Onwonga, R. N. (2021). Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Uptake of Striga Weed Control Technologies in Kenya. Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science, 6(4), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2021/v6i430126
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De-Groote H, Wangare L, Kanampiu F. Evaluating the use of herbicide-coated imidazolinone resistant (IR) maize seeds to control striga in farmers’ fields in Kenya, Crop Prot. 2007;26:1496-1506.
Manyong VM, Nindi SJ, Alene AD, Odhiambo GD, Omanya G, Mignouna HD, Bokanga M. Farmer perceptions of Imazapyr-Resistant (IR) Maize technology on the control of Striga in Western Kenya; 2008.
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Sall S, Norman D, Featherstone AM. Qualitative assessment of improved rice variety adoption: The farmer’s perspective. Agricultural Systems. 2000;66(2): 129-144.
Rogers E. Diffusion of Innovations, 3rd ed. New York: The Free Press; 1983.
Neupane RP, Sharma KR, Thapa GB. Adoption of agroforestry in the hills of Nepal: A logistic regression analysis. Journal of Agricultural Systems. 2002;72: 177-196.
Mwangi WM, Lynam J, Hassan R. Current challenges and strategic future choices for maize research and policy in Kenya, In: Hassan R. (ed.). Maize Technology Development and Transfer: A GIS Application for Research Planning in Kenya, Wallingford: CAB International, UK; 1998. Available:http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9666220j.pdf
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Suri T. Selection and comparative advantage in technology adoption. Econometrica. 2011;79(1):159-209.
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Sattler FT, Sanogo MD, Kassari IA, Angarawai II, Gwadi KW, Dodo H, Haussmann BIG. Characterization of West and Central African accessions from a pearl millet reference collection for agromorphological traits and Striga resistance. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization. 2017; 16(3):260–272.
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Ariga J, Jayne ST. Factor driving the increase in fertilizer use by smallholder farmers in Kenya; 2012.
Kanampiu F, Makumbi D, Mageto E, Omanya G, Waruingi S, Musyoka P, Ransom J. Assessment of management options on striga infestation and maize grain yield in Kenya. Weed Sci. 2018; 66:516–524.
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Duflo E, Kremer M, Robinson J. How high are rates of return to fertilizer? Evidence from Field Experiments in Kenya; American Economic Review. 2008;98:482-488.
Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Corbeels M, Giller KE. Yield gaps, nutrient use efficiencies and response to fertilizers by maize across heterogeneous smallholder farms of western Kenya. Plant Soil. 2008;313: 19–37.
Nambafu NG, Onwonga NR, Karuku NG, Ariga SE, Vanlauwe B, Roing de Nowina K. Knowledge, attitude and practices used in the control of striga in maize by smallholder farmers of Western Kenya; 2014.
Ayuk ET. Adoption of agroforestry technology. The case of live hedges in the central plateau of Burkina Faso. Agricultural Systems. 1997;54:189-206.
Salasya BDS, Mwangi W, Verkuijl H, Odendo MA, Odenya JO. An assessment of adoption of seed and fertilizer packages and the role of credit in smallholder production in Kakamega and Vihiga Districts, Kenya. CIMMYT. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; 1998.
Lapar MLA, Pandey S. Adoption of soil conservation: The case of Philippine uplands. Agricultural Economics 21:241-256. Maize stem borers in Uganda. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science. 1999;26:71-77.
Gockowski J, Ndoube J. The adoption of intensive horticulture in Southern Cameroon; 2004.
Odera MM, Kimani SK, Musembi F. Factors influencing adoption of integrated use of manure and inorganic fertilizer in central highlands of Kenya. In Proc 7 th Biennial conference eds Mukisira EA, Kiriro FH, Wamuongo JW, Wamae LW, Muriithi FM, Wasike W. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Head quarters, Nairobi, Kenya. 2000;45-55.
Iqbal SMM, Ireland CR, Rodrigo VHL. A logistic analysis of the factors determining the decision of smallholder’s farmers to intercrop. A case study involving Rubber-tea intercropping in Srilanka. Agricultural Systems. 2006;87:296-312.
Mwabu G, Mwangi W, Nyangito H. Does adoption of improved maize varieties reduce poverty? Evidence from Kenya. Poster paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Gold Coast, Australia. 2006;12-18:15.
Ongachi W, Onwonga R, Nyanganga H, Okry F. Comparative analysis of video mediated learning and farmer field school approach on adoption of striga control technologies in Western Kenya. Int. J. Agr. Ext. 2017;05(1):1-10.
Ayuya OI, Lagat JK, Mironga JM. Factors influencing potential acceptance and adoption of clean development mechanism projects: Case of carbon trade tree project among small scale farmers in Njoro District, Kenya. Res. J. Environ. Earth Sci. 2011;3(3):275-285.
Keil A. Improved fallows using leguminous trees in Eastern Zambia. Do initial testers adopt the technology? MSc. Thesis George-August University of Goettingen. Faculty of Agriculture Institute of rural development Goettingen, Germany; 2001.
Midega AOC, Pickett J, Hooper A, Pittchar J, Khan RZ. Maize landraces are less affected by Striga hermonthica relative to hybrids in Western Kenya. Weed Technology. 2016;30:21–28.
Dorward A, Kydd J, Poulton C. Cash crop production under market liberalization: A New Institutional Economics Perspective. Wallingford: CAB International; 1998.
Ndufa JK, Cadisch G, Poulton C, Noordin Q, Vanlauwe B. Integrated soil fertility management and poverty traps in Western Kenya; 2005.
Odhiambo GD, Agundan J, Oswald A. Development and diffusion of integrated Striga control practices for small-scale farmers in western Kenya. CGIAR Program on Participatory Research and Gender Analysis for Technology Development and Institutional Innovation; 2001.
De-Groote H, Wangare L, Kanampiu F. Evaluating the use of herbicide-coated imidazolinone resistant (IR) maize seeds to control striga in farmers’ fields in Kenya, Crop Prot. 2007;26:1496-1506.
Manyong VM, Nindi SJ, Alene AD, Odhiambo GD, Omanya G, Mignouna HD, Bokanga M. Farmer perceptions of Imazapyr-Resistant (IR) Maize technology on the control of Striga in Western Kenya; 2008.
Woomer PL, Savala CN. Striga management through herbicide resistance: A public-private partnership in action. AAAE Conference Proceedings. 2007; 489-496.
Lagoke STO, Parkinson V, Agunbiade RM. Parasitic weeds and their control methods in Africa. In: Combating Striga in Africa, 3–14 (Ed Kim SK). Ibadan, Nigeria: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture; 1991.
Sall S, Norman D, Featherstone AM. Qualitative assessment of improved rice variety adoption: The farmer’s perspective. Agricultural Systems. 2000;66(2): 129-144.
Rogers E. Diffusion of Innovations, 3rd ed. New York: The Free Press; 1983.
Neupane RP, Sharma KR, Thapa GB. Adoption of agroforestry in the hills of Nepal: A logistic regression analysis. Journal of Agricultural Systems. 2002;72: 177-196.
Mwangi WM, Lynam J, Hassan R. Current challenges and strategic future choices for maize research and policy in Kenya, In: Hassan R. (ed.). Maize Technology Development and Transfer: A GIS Application for Research Planning in Kenya, Wallingford: CAB International, UK; 1998. Available:http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9666220j.pdf
Doss C. Understanding farm level technology adoption: Lessons learned from CIMMYT’s Micro surveys in East Africa. CIMMYT Economics working paper, CIMMYT, D.F, Mexico City; 2003.
Suri T. Selection and comparative advantage in technology adoption. Econometrica. 2011;79(1):159-209.
Jaetzold R, Schmidt H. Farm management handbook of Kenya. Part B: rift valley and central provinces. Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; 1983.
Mariara JK, Karanja KF. The Economic Impact of Climate Change; 2007.
Cochran WG. Sampling techniques. John Wiley & Sons: New York. 1977;74-76.
Vanlauwe B, Descheemaeker K, Giller KE, Huising J, Merckx R, Nziguheba G, Wendt J, Zingore S. Integrated soil fertility management in sub-Saharan Africa: unravelling local adaptation. Soil. 2015;1: 491–508.
Available:www.soil-journal.net/1/491/2015/ DOI:10.5194/soil-1-491-2015
Sattler FT, Sanogo MD, Kassari IA, Angarawai II, Gwadi KW, Dodo H, Haussmann BIG. Characterization of West and Central African accessions from a pearl millet reference collection for agromorphological traits and Striga resistance. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization. 2017; 16(3):260–272.
DOI:10.1017/S1479262117000272
Misiko M, Tittonell P, Giller EK, Richards P. Strengthening understanding and perceptions of mineral fertilizer use among smallholder farmers: Evidence from collective trials in western Kenya. Agric Hum Values. 2011;28:27–38.
DOI: 10.1007/s10460-010-9264-z
Ariga J, Jayne ST. Factor driving the increase in fertilizer use by smallholder farmers in Kenya; 2012.
Kanampiu F, Makumbi D, Mageto E, Omanya G, Waruingi S, Musyoka P, Ransom J. Assessment of management options on striga infestation and maize grain yield in Kenya. Weed Sci. 2018; 66:516–524.
DOI: 10.1017/wsc.2018
Duflo E, Kremer M, Robinson J. How high are rates of return to fertilizer? Evidence from Field Experiments in Kenya; American Economic Review. 2008;98:482-488.
Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Corbeels M, Giller KE. Yield gaps, nutrient use efficiencies and response to fertilizers by maize across heterogeneous smallholder farms of western Kenya. Plant Soil. 2008;313: 19–37.
Nambafu NG, Onwonga NR, Karuku NG, Ariga SE, Vanlauwe B, Roing de Nowina K. Knowledge, attitude and practices used in the control of striga in maize by smallholder farmers of Western Kenya; 2014.
Ayuk ET. Adoption of agroforestry technology. The case of live hedges in the central plateau of Burkina Faso. Agricultural Systems. 1997;54:189-206.
Salasya BDS, Mwangi W, Verkuijl H, Odendo MA, Odenya JO. An assessment of adoption of seed and fertilizer packages and the role of credit in smallholder production in Kakamega and Vihiga Districts, Kenya. CIMMYT. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; 1998.
Lapar MLA, Pandey S. Adoption of soil conservation: The case of Philippine uplands. Agricultural Economics 21:241-256. Maize stem borers in Uganda. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science. 1999;26:71-77.
Gockowski J, Ndoube J. The adoption of intensive horticulture in Southern Cameroon; 2004.
Odera MM, Kimani SK, Musembi F. Factors influencing adoption of integrated use of manure and inorganic fertilizer in central highlands of Kenya. In Proc 7 th Biennial conference eds Mukisira EA, Kiriro FH, Wamuongo JW, Wamae LW, Muriithi FM, Wasike W. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Head quarters, Nairobi, Kenya. 2000;45-55.
Iqbal SMM, Ireland CR, Rodrigo VHL. A logistic analysis of the factors determining the decision of smallholder’s farmers to intercrop. A case study involving Rubber-tea intercropping in Srilanka. Agricultural Systems. 2006;87:296-312.
Mwabu G, Mwangi W, Nyangito H. Does adoption of improved maize varieties reduce poverty? Evidence from Kenya. Poster paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Gold Coast, Australia. 2006;12-18:15.
Ongachi W, Onwonga R, Nyanganga H, Okry F. Comparative analysis of video mediated learning and farmer field school approach on adoption of striga control technologies in Western Kenya. Int. J. Agr. Ext. 2017;05(1):1-10.
Ayuya OI, Lagat JK, Mironga JM. Factors influencing potential acceptance and adoption of clean development mechanism projects: Case of carbon trade tree project among small scale farmers in Njoro District, Kenya. Res. J. Environ. Earth Sci. 2011;3(3):275-285.
Keil A. Improved fallows using leguminous trees in Eastern Zambia. Do initial testers adopt the technology? MSc. Thesis George-August University of Goettingen. Faculty of Agriculture Institute of rural development Goettingen, Germany; 2001.
Midega AOC, Pickett J, Hooper A, Pittchar J, Khan RZ. Maize landraces are less affected by Striga hermonthica relative to hybrids in Western Kenya. Weed Technology. 2016;30:21–28.
Dorward A, Kydd J, Poulton C. Cash crop production under market liberalization: A New Institutional Economics Perspective. Wallingford: CAB International; 1998.
Ndufa JK, Cadisch G, Poulton C, Noordin Q, Vanlauwe B. Integrated soil fertility management and poverty traps in Western Kenya; 2005.
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